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A virtual private network is a mechanism by which secure remote access is provided between a client and server over a public network (typically the internet). A number of methods can be used to deploy VPN connections and these were covered in detail in the chapter entitled [[Understanding Security+ - An Overview of Communications Security|An Overview of Communications Security]]. VPNs use the concept of encryption to prevent confidential information falling into the wrong hands. Encryption either involves encrypting the data contained in IP packets and sending them to the destination where the data is decrypted, or encrypting the entire packet, wrapping it in another packets and sending that to the destination ( a concept known as ''tunneling'') thereby concealing the identity of the sending and receiving parties.