Difference between revisions of "Windows PowerShell 1.0 Commands and Aliases"
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New aliases may be created, or existing ones changed using the ''Set-Alias'' command. For example, to create an alias of ''list'' for the ''Get-ChildItem'' command (which provides listing of the contents of a directory) the following command would be executed: | New aliases may be created, or existing ones changed using the ''Set-Alias'' command. For example, to create an alias of ''list'' for the ''Get-ChildItem'' command (which provides listing of the contents of a directory) the following command would be executed: | ||
Revision as of 19:11, 12 November 2008
Windows PowerShell contains a wide range of built-in commands which which can be used either in the interactive shell environment, or within cmdlet scripts. In addition, each command also has a pre-configured alias which typically shortens the amount of typing necessary to invoke a command, and often provides access to a command via a more familiar name. For example, the Get-ChildItem command for listing the contents of a directory may also be executed using the more familiar dir alias.
In this chapter of Windows PowerShell 1.0 Essentials a summary of each command is provided, together with a table of alias to command relationships.
PowerShell 1.0 Command Summary
As previously mentioned, Windows PowerShell 1.0 is supplied with a wide range of built-in commands. A full listing of available commands may be displayed from with the interactive shell by typing help. For the command-line syntax of a particular command, use the Get-Command command passing the name of the command as an argument:
PS C:\Users\Administrator> get-command pop-location
CommandType Name Definition
----------- ---- ----------
Cmdlet Pop-Location [-PassThru] [-StackName <String>] [-Verbose] [-Debug]
[-ErrorAction <ActionPreference>] [-ErrorVariable <String>]
[-OutVariable <String>] [-OutBuffer <Int32>]...
The following table lists the different commands provided with Windows PowerShell 1.0:
|
Command |
Type |
Description |
|---|---|---|
| Get-Command | Cmdlet | Get basic information about cmdlets and other elements of Windows PowerShell commands. |
| Get-Help | Cmdlet | Display information about Windows PowerShell cmdlets. |
| Get-History | Cmdlet | Get a list of the previous commands entered during the current session. |
| Invoke-History | Cmdlet | Run selected commands from the session history. |
| Add-History | Cmdlet | Append entries to the session history. |
| ForEach-Object | Cmdlet | Perform an operation against each of a set of input objects. |
| Where-Object | Cmdlet | Create a filter that controls which objects will be passed along a command pipeline. |
| Set-PSDebug | Cmdlet | Turns script debugging features on and off, sets the trace level and toggles strict mode. |
| Add-PSSnapin | Cmdlet | Add one or more Windows PowerShell snap-ins to the current console. |
| Remove-PSSnapin | Cmdlet | Remove Windows PowerShell snap-ins from the current console. |
| Get-PSSnapin | Cmdlet | Get the Windows PowerShell snap-ins on the computer. |
| Export-Console | Cmdlet | Export the configuration of the current console to a file so that you can reuse or share it. |
| Start-Transcript | Cmdlet | Create a record of all or part of a Windows PowerShell session in a text file. |
| Stop-Transcript | Cmdlet | Stop a transcript. |
| Add-Content | Cmdlet | Add content to the specified item(s). |
| Clear-Content | Cmdlet | Delete the contents of a item, such as deleting the text from a file, but does not delete the item. |
| Clear-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Delete the value of a property but it does not delete the property. |
| Join-Path | Cmdlet | Combines a path and child-path into a single path. The provider supplies the path delimiters. |
| Convert-Path | Cmdlet | Convert a path from a Windows PowerShell path to a Windows PowerShell provider path. |
| Copy-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Copy a property and value from a specified location to another location. |
| Get-EventLog | Cmdlet | Get information about local event logs or the entries stored in those event logs. |
| Get-ChildItem | Cmdlet | Get the items and child items in one or more specified locations. |
| Get-Content | Cmdlet | Get the content of the item at the specified location. |
| Get-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Retrieve the properties of a specified item. |
| Get-WmiObject | Cmdlet | Get instances of WMI classes or information about available classes. |
| Move-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Move a property from one location to another. |
| Get-Location | Cmdlet | Get information about the current working location. |
| Set-Location | Cmdlet | Set the current working location to a specified location. |
| Push-Location | Cmdlet | Push the current location onto the stack. |
| Pop-Location | Cmdlet | Changes the current location to the location most recently pushed onto the stack. You can pop the location from the default stack or from a stack that you create by using Push-Location. |
| New-PSDrive | Cmdlet | Install a new Windows PowerShell drive. |
| Remove-PSDrive | Cmdlet | Remove a Windows PowerShell drive from its location. |
| Get-PSDrive | Cmdlet | Get information about Windows PowerShell drives. |
| Get-Item | Cmdlet | Get the item at the specified location. |
| New-Item | Cmdlet | Create a new item in a namespace. |
| Set-Item | Cmdlet | Change the value of an item to the value specified in the command. |
| Remove-Item | Cmdlet | Delete the specified items. |
| Move-Item | Cmdlet | Move an item from one location to another. |
| Rename-Item | Cmdlet | Rename an item in a Windows PowerShell provider namespace. |
| Copy-Item | Cmdlet | Copy an item from one location to another within a namespace. |
| Clear-Item | Cmdlet | Delete the contents of an item, but does not delete the item. |
| Invoke-Item | Cmdlet | Invoke the provider-specific default action on the specified item. |
| Get-PSProvider | Cmdlet | Get information about the specified Windows PowerShell provider. |
| New-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Set a new property of an item at a location. |
| Split-Path | Cmdlet | Return the specified part of a path. |
| Test-Path | Cmdlet | Determine whether all elements of a path exist. |
| Get-Process | Cmdlet | Get the processes that are running on the local computer. |
| Stop-Process | Cmdlet | Stop one or more running processes. |
| Remove-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Delete the property and its value from an item. |
| Rename-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Rename a property of an item. |
| Resolve-Path | Cmdlet | Resolve the wildcard characters in a path and displays the path contents. |
| Get-Service | Cmdlet | Get the services on the local computer. |
| Stop-Service | Cmdlet | Stop one or more running services. |
| Start-Service | Cmdlet | Start one or more stopped services. |
| Suspend-Service | Cmdlet | Suspend (pauses) one or more running services. |
| Resume-Service | Cmdlet | Resumes one or more suspended (paused) services. |
| Restart-Service | Cmdlet | Stop and then start one or more services. |
| Set-Service | Cmdlet | Change the display name, description, or starting mode of a service. |
| New-Service | Cmdlet | Create a new entry for a Windows Service in the registry and the Service Database. |
| Set-Content | Cmdlet | Write or replaces the content in an item with new content. |
| Set-ItemProperty | Cmdlet | Set the value of a property at the specified location. |
| Get-Acl | Cmdlet | Get the security descriptor for a resource, such as a file or registry key. |
| Set-Acl | Cmdlet | Change the security descriptor of a specified resource, such as a file or a registry key. |
| Get-PfxCertificate | Cmdlet | Get information about .pfx certificate files on the computer. |
| Get-Credential | Cmdlet | Get a credential object based on a user name and password. |
| Get-ExecutionPolicy | Cmdlet | Get the current execution policy for the shell. |
| Set-ExecutionPolicy | Cmdlet | Change the user preference for the execution policy of the shell. |
| Get-AuthenticodeSignature | Cmdlet | Get information about the Authenticode signature in a file. |
| Set-AuthenticodeSignature | Cmdlet | Use an authenticode signature to sign a Windows PowerShell script or other file. |
| ConvertFrom-SecureString | Cmdlet | Convert a secure string into an encrypted standard string. |
| ConvertTo-SecureString | Cmdlet | Convert encrypted standard strings to secure strings. It can also convert plain text to secure strings. It is used with ConvertFrom-SecureString and Read-Host. |
| Format-List | Cmdlet | Format the output as a list of properties in which each property appears on a new line. |
| Format-Custom | Cmdlet | Use a customized view to format the output. |
| Format-Table | Cmdlet | Format the output as a table. |
| Format-Wide | Cmdlet | Format objects as a wide table that displays only one property of each object. |
| Out-Null | Cmdlet | Delete output instead of sending it to the console. |
| Out-Default | Cmdlet | Send the output to the default formatter and the default output cmdlet. Has no effect on the formatting or output and is provided as a placeholder that lets you write your own Out-Default function or cmdlet. |
| Out-Host | Cmdlet | Send output to the command line. |
| Out-File | Cmdlet | Send output to a file. |
| Out-Printer | Cmdlet | Send output to a printer. |
| Out-String | Cmdlet | Send objects to the host as a series of strings. |
| Add-Member | Cmdlet | Add a user-defined custom member to an instance of a Windows PowerShell object. |
| Compare-Object | Cmdlet | Compare two sets of objects. |
| ConvertTo-Html | Cmdlet | Create an HTML page that represents an object or a set of objects. |
| Export-Csv | Cmdlet | Create a comma-separated values (CSV) file that represents the input objects. |
| Import-Csv | Cmdlet | Imports comma-separated value (CSV) files in the format produced by the Export-CSV cmdlet and returns objects that correspond to the objects represented in that CSV file. |
| Export-Alias | Cmdlet | Export information about currently-defined aliases to a file. |
| Invoke-Expression | Cmdlet | Run a Windows PowerShell expression that is provided in the form of a string. |
| Get-Alias | Cmdlet | Get the aliases for the current session. |
| Get-Culture | Cmdlet | Get information about the regional settings on a computer. |
| Get-Date | Cmdlet | Get the current date and time. |
| Get-Host | Cmdlet | Get a reference to the current console host object. Display Windows Powershell version and regional information by default. |
| Get-Member | Cmdlet | Get information about objects or collections of objects. |
| Get-UICulture | Cmdlet | Get information about the current user interface culture for Windows PowerShell. |
| Get-Unique | Cmdlet | Return the unique items from a sorted list. |
| Import-Alias | Cmdlet | Import an alias list from a file. |
| Select-String | Cmdlet | Identify patterns in strings. |
| Measure-Object | Cmdlet | Measure characteristics of objects and their properties. |
| New-Alias | Cmdlet | Create a new alias. |
| New-TimeSpan | Cmdlet | Create a TimeSpan object. |
| Read-Host | Cmdlet | Read a line of input from the console. |
| Set-Alias | Cmdlet | Create or changes an alias (alternate name) for a cmdlet or other command element in the current Windows PowerShell session. |
| Set-Date | Cmdlet | Change the system time on the computer to a time that you specify. |
| Start-Sleep | Cmdlet | Suspend shell, script, or runspace activity for the specified period of time. |
| Tee-Object | Cmdlet | Pipe object input to a file or variable, then passes the input along the pipeline. |
| Measure-Command | Cmdlet | Measure the time it takes to run script blocks and cmdlets. |
| Update-TypeData | Cmdlet | Update the current extended type configuration by reloading the *.types.ps1xml files into memory. |
| Update-FormatData | Cmdlet | Update and appends format data files. |
| Write-Host | Cmdlet | Display objects by using the host user interface |
| Write-Progress | Cmdlet | Display a progress bar within a Windows PowerShell command window. |
| New-Object | Cmdlet | Create an instance of a .Net or COM object. |
| Select-Object | Cmdlet | Selects specified properties of an object or set of objects. It can also select unique objects from an array of objects or it can select a specified number of objects from the beginning or end of an array of objects. |
| Group-Object | Cmdlet | Groups objects that contain the same value for specified properties. |
| Sort-Object | Cmdlet | Sorts objects by property values. |
| Get-Variable | Cmdlet | Get the variables in the current console. |
| New-Variable | Cmdlet | Create a new variable. |
| Set-Variable | Cmdlet | Set the value of a variable. Create the variable if one with the requested name does not exist. |
| Remove-Variable | Cmdlet | Delete a variable and its value. |
| Clear-Variable | Cmdlet | Delete the value of a variable. |
| Export-Clixml | Cmdlet | Create an XML-based representation of an object or objects and stores it in a file. |
| Import-Clixml | Cmdlet | Import a CLIXML file and creates corresponding objects within Windows PowerShell. |
| Write-Debug | Cmdlet | Write a debug message to the host display. |
| Write-Verbose | Cmdlet | Write a string to the verbose display of the host. |
| Write-Warning | Cmdlet | Write a warning message. |
| Write-Error | Cmdlet | Write an object to the error pipeline. |
| Write-Output | Cmdlet | Write objects to the success pipeline. |
| Get-TraceSource | Cmdlet | Get the Windows PowerShell components that are instrumented for tracing. |
| Set-TraceSource | Cmdlet | Configures, starts, and stops a trace of Windows PowerShell components. |
| Trace-Command | Cmdlet | The Trace-Command cmdlet configures and starts a trace of the specified expression or command. |
| Alias | Provider | Provides access to the Windows PowerShell aliases and the values that they represent. |
| Environment | Provider | Provides access to the Windows environment variables. |
| FileSystem | Provider | The PowerShell Provider for accessing files and directories from within the Windows PowerShell. |
| Function | Provider | Provides access to the functions defined in Windows PowerShell. |
| Registry | Provider | Provides access to the system registry keys and values from within Windows PowerShell. |
| Variable | Provider | Provides access to the Windows PowerShell variables and their values. |
| Certificate | Provider | Provides access to X509 certificate stores and certificates from within Windows PowerShell. |
PowerShell 1.0 Alias Summary
Each PowerShell command has a pre-configured alias which can be used to invoke the command. These are often greatly abbreviated to reduce the amount of typing required, and occasionally used to provide a more familiar name.
A full list of pre-defined PowerShell 1.0 aliases is provided in the following table:
|
Alias |
Command |
|---|---|
| ac | Add-Content |
| asnp | Add-PSSnapin |
| clc | Clear-Content |
| cli | Clear-Item |
| clp | Clear-ItemProperty |
| clv | Clear-Variable |
| cpi | Copy-Item |
| cpp | Copy-ItemProperty |
| cvpa | Convert-Path |
| diff | Compare-Object |
| epal | Export-Alias |
| epcsv | Export-Csv |
| fc | Format-Custom |
| fl | Format-List |
| foreach | ForEach-Object |
| % | ForEach-Object |
| ft | Format-Table |
| fw | Format-Wide |
| gal | Get-Alias |
| gc | Get-Content |
| gci | Get-ChildItem |
| gcm | Get-Command |
| gdr | Get-PSDrive |
| ghy | Get-History |
| gi | Get-Item |
| gl | Get-Location |
| gm | Get-Member |
| gp | Get-ItemProperty |
| gps | Get-Process |
| group | Group-Object |
| gsv | Get-Service |
| gsnp | Get-PSSnapin |
| gu | Get-Unique |
| gv | Get-Variable |
| gwmi | Get-WmiObject |
| iex | Invoke-Expression |
| ihy | Invoke-History |
| ii | Invoke-Item |
| ipal | Import-Alias |
| ipcsv | Import-Csv |
| mi | Move-Item |
| mp | Move-ItemProperty |
| nal | New-Alias |
| ndr | New-PSDrive |
| ni | New-Item |
| nv | New-Variable |
| oh | Out-Host |
| rdr | Remove-PSDrive |
| ri | Remove-Item |
| rni | Rename-Item |
| rnp | Rename-ItemProperty |
| rp | Remove-ItemProperty |
| rsnp | Remove-PSSnapin |
| rv | Remove-Variable |
| rvpa | Resolve-Path |
| sal | Set-Alias |
| sasv | Start-Service |
| sc | Set-Content |
| select | Select-Object |
| si | Set-Item |
| sl | Set-Location |
| sleep | Start-Sleep |
| sort | Sort-Object |
| sp | Set-ItemProperty |
| spps | Stop-Process |
| spsv | Stop-Service |
| sv | Set-Variable |
| tee | Tee-Object |
| where | Where-Object |
| ? | Where-Object |
| write | Write-Output |
| cat | Get-Content |
| cd | Set-Location |
| clear | Clear-Host |
| cp | Copy-Item |
| h | Get-History |
| history | Get-History |
| kill | Stop-Process |
| lp | Out-Printer |
| ls | Get-ChildItem |
| mount | New-PSDrive |
| mv | Move-Item |
| popd | Pop-Location |
| ps | Get-Process |
| pushd | Push-Location |
| pwd | Get-Location |
| r | Invoke-History |
| rm | Remove-Item |
| rmdir | Remove-Item |
| echo | Write-Output |
| cls | Clear-Host |
| chdir | Set-Location |
| copy | Copy-Item |
| del | Remove-Item |
| dir | Get-ChildItem |
| erase | Remove-Item |
| move | Move-Item |
| rd | Remove-Item |
| ren | Rename-Item |
| set | Set-Variable |
| type | Get-Content |
Creating and Listing PowerShell Aliases
New aliases may be created, or existing ones changed using the Set-Alias command. For example, to create an alias of list for the Get-ChildItem command (which provides listing of the contents of a directory) the following command would be executed:
PS C:\Users\Administrator> set-alias list get-childitem
A list of currently defined aliases may be obtained using the Get-Alias command:
PS C:\Users\Administrator> get-alias
In addition, the current command to which an alias is mapped may be obtained by referencing the alias as an argument to Get-Alias:
PS C:\Users\Administrator> get-alias set CommandType Name Definition ----------- ---- ---------- Alias set Set-Variable
